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| Title |
Weak Evidence Supports the Biocompatibility of Non-Zinc Containing Denture Adhesives? |
| Clinical Question |
Does denture adhesive use pose a health risk for complete denture patients compared to denture wear without it? |
| Clinical Bottom Line |
Denture adhesives are widely used and can enhance the function of a removable prosthesis, but the scientific evidence regarding their safety and biocompatibility is deficient. |
| Best Evidence |
(you may view more info by clicking on the PubMed ID link) |
| PubMed ID |
Author / Year |
Patient Group |
Study type
(level of evidence) |
| #1) 25749085 | Papadiochou/2015 | Clinical studies reporting outcomes for a minimum of 10 patients using denture adhesives. | Systematic review of non-randomized trials | | Key results | Only 6 of the 33 denture adhesive studies reviewed addressed biocompatibility. No mucosal irritation was seen in 2 of those studies, and no adverse changes in microbiota were observed in 3 studies. One article reported hypercupremia and hyperzincemia resulting from the excessive use of zinc containing denture adhesives. | | #2) 21324026 | Felton/2011 | All in vivo and in vitro studies related to denture adhesive biocompatibility. | Systematic review of non-randomized trials | | Key results | Two in vitro studies suggested mucosal irritating and cytotoxic potential of commercial denture adhesives and 2 demonstrated bacterial and fungal contamination of adhesive products. In vivo trials in 2 studies found few negative effects attributable to adhesives, however. Two articles reported neurological effects resulting from excessive use of zinc containing denture adhesive. | |
| Evidence Search |
PubMed searches performed using the following keyword:
“Denture adhesives’’(Mesh)
Complete dentures AND denture Adhesives, complete dentures AND denture fixatives, Partials and adhesives.
|
Comments on
The Evidence |
Published evidence regarding the biocompatibility of denture adhesives is very limited. Possible negative outcomes of denture adhesive use include local tissue irritation, alteration of microflora of the oral cavity, and a condition called myelopolyneuropathy secondary to the hyperzincemia resulting from excessive use of zinc containing denture adhesives. When zinc containing adhesives are excluded, low level in vivo evidence suggests denture adhesive use to be safe. More investigation in this topic is recommended. |
| Applicability |
Denture adhesives are widely used and can improve the stability and retention of removable dental prostheses, especially when there are anatomical limitations for denture wear. There is little available evidence regarding the biocompatibility of denture adhesives. Both of these systemic reviews show that it is possible for denture adhesive to create some degree of local tissue irritation along with some more serious potential systemic side effects. Further studies regarding biocompatibility of denture adhesives are certainly warranted. This review is applicable to dental providers who fabricate removable prostheses and the patients who wear them with denture adhesive. |
| Specialty/Discipline |
(Public Health) (Oral Medicine/Pathology/Radiology) (General Dentistry) (Prosthodontics) (Restorative Dentistry) |
| Keywords |
Complete denture, denture adhesive, biocompatibility, health risk, toxicity.
|
| ID# |
2961 |
| Date of submission: |
11/03/2015 |
| E-mail |
hijazi@uthscsa.edu |
| Author |
Fawzi Hijazi, DDS |
| Co-author(s) |
|
| Co-author(s) e-mail |
|
| Faculty mentor/Co-author |
Stephan J. Haney, DDS |
| Faculty mentor/Co-author e-mail |
haneys2@uthscsa.edu |
Basic Science Rationale
(Mechanisms that may account for and/or explain the clinical question, i.e. is the answer to the clinical question consistent with basic biological, physical and/or behavioral science principles, laws and research?) |
post a rationale |
| None available | |
|
Comments and Evidence-Based Updates on the CAT
(FOR PRACTICING DENTISTS', FACULTY, RESIDENTS and/or STUDENTS COMMENTS ON PUBLISHED CATs) |
post a comment |
| None available | |
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