Title Electrical Stimulation Via Biofeedback May Be Effective In Reducing Temporalis Electromyographic (EMG) Activity Associated With Tooth-Grinding Or Clenching During Sleep
Clinical Question In adults with sleep bruxism, does electrical stimulation therapy reduce EMG activity in jaw-closing muscles during sleep compared to no treatment?
Clinical Bottom Line Biofeedback is associated with reduced temporalis EMG activity during sleep, and does not cause major disruptions in sleep. (See Comments on the CAT below)
Best Evidence  
PubMed ID Author / Year Patient Group Study type
(level of evidence)
18254794Jadidi/2008Patients aware of jaw-clenching activityRandomized single-blind cross-over trial
Key resultsThe number of EMG episodes/hour sleep during the two sessions with biofeedback, 54 +/- 14%; 55 +/- 17%, P<0.001) was reduced compared to the baseline EMG activity and the session without biofeedback. In regards with average duration of sleeping hours, no session had significant effects.
Evidence Search ("Bruxism"[Mesh]) AND "Electric Stimulation Therapy"[Mesh]
Comments on
The Evidence
The study was conducted accordingly with Helsinki guidelines. All fourteen volunteers, who were all aware of their jaw-clenching activity, were all similar from the start with a 100% completion rate. These subjects were randomized into two groups, with the patients not aware if the device was active or inactive. However, it should be noted that the author has financial interest in the company that manufactures this specific product.
Applicability The subjects in this study are representative of routine patients with sleep bruxism, and the treatment is feasible with the proper equipment. The patient’s harm is minimum because the electrical pulses were set at a non-painful, intensity specific range that the patient could control.
Specialty (Public Health) (General Dentistry) (Behavioral Science)
Keywords Bruxism; Electric Stimulation Therapy; Temporalis EMG
ID# 2240
Date of submission 04/11/2012
E-mail reddynr@livemail.uthscsa.edu
Author Nikhil R. Reddy
Co-author(s)
Co-author(s) e-mail
Faculty mentor Joseph Bartoloni, DDS
Faculty mentor e-mail Bartoloni@uthscsa.edu
   
Basic Science Rationale
(Mechanisms that may account for and/or explain the clinical question, i.e. is the answer to the clinical question consistent with basic biological, physical and/or behavioral science principles, laws and research?)
None available
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Comments and Evidence-Based Updates on the CAT
(FOR PRACTICING DENTISTS', FACULTY, RESIDENTS and/or STUDENTS COMMENTS ON PUBLISHED CATs)
by John Rugh (San Antonio, Texas) on 05/09/2013
It appears that the devise used in this research is off the market. The following information appears (5-9-2013) on the Grindcare website: "Many people have asked about the activity in Medotech A/S. The company has sold off all assets, brands, and interests, and all activity in the company has been reduced to a minimum. The company has now changed name to ‘Aktieselskabet af 1. februar 2013′. We have been informed that the GrindCare 3 device which has been sold by Medotech A/S will no longer be produced. We cannot answer any questions related to the rights to the GrindCare brand." http://grindcare.com/about/